Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
83058 => 8 3 0 5 8
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
8 to 3 = 5
3 to 0 = 3
0 to 5 = 5
5 to 8 = 3
8 to 8 = 0
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
5 3 5 3 0 = 53530